The Lignum Vitae: A Florida Keys Treasure

The lignum vitae tree is a true gem of the Florida Keys. Known as the “tree of life,” it has a rich history and many unique qualities.

A Tough and Beautiful Tree

Lignum vitae means “wood of life” in Latin. Not only is its wood incredibly dense and durable, but it’s also so tough that it doesn’t float! Because of this, it became highly valuable for ship parts, including propeller bearings and pulley blocks. Additionally, its natural oils make it self-lubricating, which made it ideal for industrial use.

Growth and Characteristics

When it comes to growth, lignum vitae trees take their time. They grow slowly, often requiring decades to reach full maturity. Typically, they reach between 20 to 30 feet tall, though some remain smaller. Their evergreen leaves provide dense shade, while their deep roots help them withstand powerful storms.

Another remarkable feature is their flowers. In the spring, small blue blossoms cover the tree, attracting bees and butterflies. Later, these flowers give way to small, orange fruits, which provide a food source for local wildlife.

Deep Roots in the Florida Keys

For centuries, the lignum vitae tree has played an important role in the Florida Keys. It thrives in the region’s subtropical climate, making it a natural part of the landscape. Early settlers quickly recognized its value, using the wood for tools, furniture, and even medicinal purposes. In fact, its resin was once believed to help treat arthritis and other ailments. Today, the tree stands as a symbol of resilience and history.

Lignumvitae Key Botanical State Park

One of the best places to see these incredible trees in their natural habitat is Lignumvitae Key Botanical State Park, located off Islamorada. This secluded island is home to a pristine tropical hardwood hammock, where lignum vitae trees grow alongside other native species.

The island’s history is just as fascinating as the trees themselves. In the early 1900s, Miami chemist William J. Matheson purchased the land and built a home there. Today, his historic residence still stands, serving as a visitor center where guests can learn about the island’s unique ecosystem.

However, visiting this special place requires a bit of planning. Since the park is only accessible by boat or kayak, visitors must make the short journey across the water. Once there, they can explore scenic nature trails, learn about native plants, and experience the untouched beauty of the Florida Keys.

A Protected Species

Unfortunately, due to overharvesting, lignum vitae trees have become rare. As a result, they are now protected in Florida, making them a truly special sight in any backyard.

So, if you happen to have one growing, consider yourself lucky! These trees are not only a living piece of Florida Keys history but also a testament to strength and endurance. With their slow growth, incredible durability, and natural beauty, they remain one of the most remarkable trees in the world.